Madhya Pradesh Judiciary · Prelims Mock Test 8

Madhya Pradesh Judiciary Mock Test 8 — Questions & Solutions

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Q1Constitution of India

Under the Constitution of India, a Judge of the Supreme Court holds office until he attains the age of, and a Judge of a High Court until he attains the age of, respectively:

a62 years and 60 years
b60 years and 58 years
c65 years and 62 years
d65 years and 65 years
Answer: C
Article 124(2) fixes the retirement age of a Supreme Court Judge at 65 years, while Article 217(1) fixes that of a High Court Judge at 62 years (raised from 60 by the 15th Amendment).
Q2Constitution of India

The test of repugnancy between a State law and a Central law occupying the field in the Concurrent List, under Article 254, was authoritatively summarised by the Supreme Court in:

aM. Karunanidhi v. Union of India
bR.C. Cooper v. Union of India
cRam Jawaya Kapur v. State of Punjab
dState of West Bengal v. Union of India
Answer: A
In M. Karunanidhi v. Union of India (1979), the Supreme Court laid down the principles for determining repugnancy between a State and a Central law in the concurrent field under Article 254.
Q3Constitution of India

Under Article 249, the Council of States may, by resolution supported by not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting, empower Parliament to make laws on a matter in the State List, and such resolution remains in force for:

aOne year, but may be extended for further periods of one year
bThe duration of the Lok Sabha
cTwo years
dSix months
Answer: A
Under Article 249, a Rajya Sabha resolution (passed by two-thirds of members present and voting) authorising Parliament to legislate on a State List subject remains in force for one year and may be renewed for one year at a time.
Q4Constitution of India

Which Article of the Constitution declares that the State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India?

aArticle 15
bArticle 13
cArticle 14
dArticle 16
Answer: C
Article 14 guarantees both 'equality before the law' (a Dicey/British concept) and 'equal protection of the laws' (an American concept) to all persons within the territory of India.
Q5Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

Under Section 108 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA), when a person is accused of an offence, the burden of proving the existence of circumstances bringing the case within any General Exception of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita lies on:

aThe accused
bThe prosecution
cNeither party, as it is presumed in favour of the accused
dThe Court suo motu
Answer: A
Section 108 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 places the burden of proving that the case falls within a General Exception (or any special exception/proviso) on the accused, and the Court presumes the absence of such circumstances.
Q6Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

Under Section 104 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA), the burden of proof in a suit or proceeding initially lies on:

aWhoever would fail if no evidence at all were given on either side
bThe party in possession of the relevant documents
cWhoever desires the Court to give judgment as to any legal right or liability dependent on facts which he asserts
dThe defendant in every case
Answer: C
Section 104 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 provides that whoever desires a court to give judgment on a right or liability dependent on facts he asserts must prove those facts; that burden lies on him. (The 'who would fail' rule is the test under Section 105 BSA.)
Q7Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

Illustration (g) to Section 119 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) permits the Court to presume that:

aAn accomplice is unworthy of credit unless corroborated
bA man who is in possession of stolen goods soon after the theft is the thief
cEvidence which could be and is not produced would, if produced, be unfavourable to the person who withholds it
dJudicial and official acts have been regularly performed
Answer: C
Illustration (g) to Section 119 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 allows the Court to presume that evidence which could be and is not produced would, if produced, be unfavourable to the person withholding it. (Illustration (b) is the accomplice presumption, (a) the recent-possession one, (e) regularity of official acts.)
Q8Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

Under Section 138 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA), an accomplice is a competent witness against an accused person, and a conviction is:

aNot illegal if it proceeds upon the corroborated testimony of an accomplice
bIllegal in every case
cPermissible only with the prior sanction of the High Court
dPermissible only in offences punishable with fine
Answer: A
Section 138 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 enacts that an accomplice shall be a competent witness against an accused person, and a conviction is not illegal if it proceeds upon the corroborated testimony of an accomplice (the enacted BSA text uses 'corroborated', unlike the repealed Section 133 IEA which read 'uncorroborated'). Illustration (b) to Section 119 BSA likewise counsels that the Court may presume an accomplice unworthy of credit unless corroborated in material particulars.
Q9Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

Under Section 124 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA), who is competent to testify?

aOnly persons who can read and write
bOnly persons who have attained the age of majority
cOnly persons who are not interested in the outcome of the case
dAll persons, unless prevented from understanding the questions or giving rational answers by tender years, extreme old age, disease or the like
Answer: D
Section 124 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 makes all persons competent to testify unless the Court considers them unable to understand the questions or give rational answers owing to tender years, extreme old age, disease of body or mind, or any other cause of the same kind.
Q10Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

When the Court has to form an opinion as to identity of handwriting or finger impressions, or upon a point of foreign law, science or art, the opinions of persons specially skilled are relevant under:

aSection 26 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)
bSection 55 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)
cSection 39 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)
dSection 104 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)
Answer: C
Section 39 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 makes relevant the opinions of persons specially skilled in foreign law, science or art, or in identity of handwriting or finger impressions; such persons are called experts.
Q11General Knowledge

Which river is known as the 'lifeline of Madhya Pradesh' and flows westward through the State before reaching the Arabian Sea?

aTapti
bNarmada
cBetwa
dChambal
Answer: B
The Narmada, rising at Amarkantak, flows westward through Madhya Pradesh and is regarded as the lifeline of the State.
Q12General Knowledge

The vitamin that is synthesised by the human skin on exposure to sunlight is:

aVitamin D
bVitamin A
cVitamin C
dVitamin B12
Answer: A
Vitamin D is synthesised in the skin when it is exposed to ultraviolet rays in sunlight, which is why it is called the 'sunshine vitamin'.
Q13General Knowledge

Which gas, present in the atmosphere, is chiefly responsible for the greenhouse effect and global warming?

aOxygen
bCarbon dioxide
cArgon
dNitrogen
Answer: B
Carbon dioxide is the principal long-lived greenhouse gas; rising atmospheric CO2 from human activity is the main driver of global warming.
Q14General Knowledge

The 'Tropic of Cancer' passes through which of the following States of India?

aTamil Nadu
bKarnataka
cPunjab
dMadhya Pradesh
Answer: D
The Tropic of Cancer passes through eight Indian States including Madhya Pradesh, roughly bisecting the country, while Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka lie outside it.
Q15General Knowledge

Rani Lakshmibai, a leading figure of the Revolt of 1857, was the queen of which princely state?

aIndore
bBhopal
cGwalior
dJhansi
Answer: D
Rani Lakshmibai was the queen of Jhansi and one of the foremost leaders of the Indian Revolt of 1857 against the British East India Company.
Q16General Knowledge

Choose the word that is the correct synonym of 'ABSCOND':

aSurrender
bFlee secretly
cAppear
dConfess
Answer: B
'Abscond' means to leave hurriedly and secretly, typically to escape from custody or avoid arrest; thus 'flee secretly' is the closest synonym.
Q17Indian Contract Act, 1872

Under Section 4 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, the communication of an acceptance is complete as against the proposer:-

awhen it is put in a course of transmission to the proposer, so as to be out of the power of the acceptor
bwhen it comes to the knowledge of the proposer
cwhen the acceptor signs the acceptance
das soon as the acceptance is made by the acceptor
Answer: A
Section 4 provides that communication of acceptance is complete as against the proposer when it is put in course of transmission to him, so as to be out of the power of the acceptor; and as against the acceptor only when it comes to the knowledge of the proposer.
Q18Indian Contract Act, 1872

Which of the following precedents established that an advertisement promising a reward can constitute a general offer to the world at large, acceptance of which by performance does not require prior communication to the offeror?

aFelthouse Vs. Bindley
bHarvey Vs. Facey
cCarlill Vs. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co.
dBalfour Vs. Balfour
Answer: C
In Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co. (1893) the Court of Appeal held that an advertisement offering a reward was a general offer to the whole world, and performance of the stipulated conditions amounted to acceptance without need of prior communication.
Q19Indian Contract Act, 1872

As per Section 2(d) of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, consideration may move:-

aonly from the promisee
bfrom the promisee or any other person, at the desire of the promisor
conly from the promisor
donly from a party who is a stranger to the contract
Answer: B
Section 2(d) defines consideration as an act, abstinence or promise done 'at the desire of the promisor' by 'the promisee or any other person'; thus under Indian law consideration may move from the promisee or a third person.
Q20Indian Contract Act, 1872

An agreement made without consideration is valid under Section 25 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, when it is:-

aan oral promise to pay a time-barred debt
ba written and registered promise made on account of natural love and affection between parties standing in near relation to each other
can oral promise made out of natural love and affection between near relations
dany promise to compensate a person who has already done something for the promisor under a legal compulsion
Answer: B
Under Section 25(1), an agreement without consideration is valid only if it is in writing and registered, and made on account of natural love and affection between parties standing in a near relation to each other; the other exceptions (past voluntary service, time-barred debt) have their own distinct conditions.
Q21Indian Contract Act, 1872

'A', a minor, executes a mortgage of his property in favour of 'B' to secure a loan. On the principle laid down by the Privy Council in Mohori Bibee Vs. Dharmodas Ghose, the agreement is:-

avoid ab initio
bvoidable at the option of the minor
cvalid only to the extent of necessaries supplied
dvalid and binding on the minor
Answer: A
In Mohori Bibee v. Dharmodas Ghose (1903) the Privy Council held that since a minor is not competent to contract under Section 11, an agreement by a minor is void ab initio and incapable of being ratified.
Q22Indian Penal Code, 1860

Under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, which one of the following has been introduced for the first time as a kind of punishment, having no counterpart in the repealed Indian Penal Code, 1860?

aImprisonment for life
bSolitary confinement
cForfeiture of property
dCommunity service
Answer: D
Section 4 of the BNS, 2023 lists the punishments, and clause (f) introduces 'community service', a wholly new form of punishment not found in Section 53 of the IPC, 1860.
Q23Indian Penal Code, 1860

'Snatching', as a distinct offence quickly or forcibly seizing movable property from a person, is punishable under which section of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023?

aSection 303
bSection 309
cSection 310
dSection 304
Answer: D
Section 304 of the BNS, 2023 creates 'snatching' as a brand-new standalone offence with no equivalent in the IPC, punishable with imprisonment up to three years and fine; theft is dealt with separately under Section 303.
Q24Indian Penal Code, 1860

Under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, the punishment for the offence of murder is provided in:

aSection 101
bSection 103
cSection 100
dSection 105
Answer: B
Section 101 BNS defines murder while Section 103 prescribes the punishment (death or imprisonment for life, and fine); this mirrors the old Sections 300 and 302 IPC.
Q25Indian Penal Code, 1860

Murder committed by a group of five or more persons acting in concert on the ground of race, caste, community, sex, place of birth, language or personal belief (commonly called mob lynching) is specifically punishable under which provision of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023?

aSection 105
bSection 103(2)
cSection 101(1)
dSection 103(1)
Answer: B
Section 103(2) BNS is a new provision that punishes murder by a group of five or more persons on the specified discriminatory grounds with death or imprisonment for life and fine.
Q26Indian Penal Code, 1860

Causing death of any person by doing any rash or negligent act not amounting to culpable homicide is punishable under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 by:

aSection 108
bSection 104
cSection 105
dSection 106
Answer: D
Section 106 BNS corresponds to the old Section 304A IPC and now prescribes a more stringent punishment of imprisonment up to five years and fine for death by rash or negligent act.
Q27Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

Under Section 35 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, no arrest shall be made of a person who is infirm or above sixty years of age for an offence punishable with imprisonment for less than three years without prior permission of an officer not below the rank of:

aInspector of Police
bDeputy Superintendent of Police
cSub-Divisional Magistrate
dSuperintendent of Police
Answer: B
The proviso to Section 35 BNSS bars arrest of a person who is infirm or above 60 years of age, for an offence punishable with imprisonment less than three years, except with the prior permission of an officer not below the rank of Deputy Superintendent of Police.
Q28Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

Under Section 187(3) of the BNSS, 2023, the maximum total period of detention authorised during investigation for an offence punishable with imprisonment for ten years or more is:

aSixty days
bOne hundred and eighty days
cNinety days
dSeventy-five days
Answer: C
Section 187(3) BNSS permits detention up to ninety days for offences punishable with death, imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for ten years or more, and sixty days for any other offence; on expiry the accused is entitled to default bail.
Q29Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

Under Section 187 of the BNSS, 2023, as interpreted by the High Courts, police custody of fifteen days for an offence punishable with imprisonment up to ten years may be sought:

aOnly after the charge-sheet is filed
bOnly within the first fifteen days of remand
cAt any time during the first forty days of the sixty-day period
dAt any time within ninety days
Answer: C
Unlike the CrPC, Section 187 BNSS allows the fifteen days of police custody to be sought in parts during the initial forty days (where the total period is sixty days) or sixty days (where the total is ninety days), rather than only within the first fifteen days.
Q30Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

The concept of 'Zero FIR'—registration of information relating to a cognizable offence irrespective of the area where the offence is committed—is now expressly recognised under which provision of the BNSS, 2023?

aSection 173
bSection 154
cSection 175
dSection 190
Answer: A
Section 173(1) BNSS uses the words 'irrespective of the area where the offence is committed', statutorily recognising Zero FIR and permitting information to be given orally or by electronic communication.
Q31Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

Under Section 176(3) of the BNSS, 2023, a forensic expert is required to compulsorily visit the crime scene to collect forensic evidence in respect of offences punishable with imprisonment for a term of:

aSeven years or more
bTen years or more
cFive years or more
dThree years or more
Answer: A
Section 176(3) BNSS makes it mandatory for a forensic expert to visit the crime scene to collect forensic evidence and videograph the process, for offences punishable with imprisonment of seven years or more.
Q32Specific Relief Act, 1963

The requirement that the plaintiff must aver and prove that he has performed or has always been ready and willing to perform the essential terms of the contract, as a personal bar to the relief of specific performance, is contained in :-

aSection 14
bSection 23
cSection 19
dSection 16(c)
Answer: D
Section 16(c) provides that specific performance cannot be granted in favour of a person who fails to prove that he has performed, or has always been ready and willing to perform, the essential terms of the contract to be performed by him.
Q33Specific Relief Act, 1963

A person entitled to any legal character or to any right as to any property may institute a suit for a declaration under Section 34 of the Specific Relief Act, 1963. Where the plaintiff is able to seek further relief than a mere declaration of title but omits to do so, the court :-

ashall grant the declaration in any case
bmay grant the declaration on payment of additional court fees
cshall make a declaration but direct the plaintiff to seek consequential relief later
dshall not make any such declaration
Answer: D
The proviso to Section 34 bars the court from making a mere declaration of title where the plaintiff, being able to seek further relief than a mere declaration, omits to do so.
Q34Specific Relief Act, 1963

Rectification of an instrument under Section 26 of the Specific Relief Act, 1963 may be ordered where, through fraud or mutual mistake of the parties, the instrument does not express their real intention. Such rectification :-

amay be ordered so as to prejudice rights acquired by third persons in good faith and for value
bshall not be ordered to the prejudice of rights acquired by third persons in good faith and for value
cis available only in respect of a will
dcan never be ordered once the instrument is registered
Answer: B
Section 26 permits rectification to express the parties' real intention, but only in so far as it does not prejudice rights acquired by third persons in good faith and for value.
Q35Specific Relief Act, 1963

Under the Specific Relief Act, 1963, an injunction cannot be granted when equally efficacious relief can certainly be obtained by any other usual mode of proceeding (except in case of breach of trust). This is provided in :-

aSection 41(ha)
bSection 41(e)
cSection 41(j)
dSection 41(h)
Answer: D
Section 41(h) bars grant of an injunction where equally efficacious relief can certainly be obtained by any other usual mode of proceeding, except in case of breach of trust.
Q36Transfer of Property Act, 1882

Under Section 58(b) of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882, in which type of mortgage does the mortgagor ostensibly sell the property on condition that on default the sale shall become absolute, or on payment it shall become void?

aSimple mortgage
bMortgage by conditional sale
cUsufructuary mortgage
dEnglish mortgage
Answer: B
Section 58(c) defines a mortgage by conditional sale, where the mortgagor ostensibly sells the property on a condition that on default the sale becomes absolute or on payment it becomes void or the property is re-transferred.
Q37Transfer of Property Act, 1882

The maxim 'once a mortgage, always a mortgage' and the rule that any stipulation fettering the mortgagor's right to redeem is void as a clog on the equity of redemption flow from which provision of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882?

aSection 58
bSection 92
cSection 60
dSection 67
Answer: C
Section 60 confers the mortgagor's right of redemption; the doctrine of clog on redemption ('once a mortgage always a mortgage') is recognised under this section, rendering void any condition that obstructs redemption.
Q38Transfer of Property Act, 1882

'Subrogation' — the right of a person who pays off a mortgage to step into the shoes of the mortgagee — is dealt with in which section of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882?

aSection 91
bSection 92
cSection 100
dSection 82
Answer: B
Section 92 deals with subrogation, entitling a person (other than the mortgagor) who redeems the mortgage to the same rights as the mortgagee whose mortgage he has redeemed.
Q39Transfer of Property Act, 1882

In the absence of a contract, local law or usage to the contrary, a lease of immovable property for a purpose other than agricultural or manufacturing is, under Section 106 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882, deemed to be a lease from month to month terminable by:

aOne month's notice expiring with the end of the month of tenancy
bThirty days' notice
cFifteen days' notice
dSix months' notice
Answer: C
Section 106 deems a lease for any purpose other than agricultural or manufacturing to be a month-to-month lease terminable by fifteen days' notice; after the 2002 amendment the notice need not expire with the end of a month of the tenancy.
Q40M.P. Accommodation Control Act, 1961

On a suit being instituted by the landlord on a ground referred to in Section 12, the tenant claiming protection must deposit or pay the arrears of rent under Section 13(1) within :

afifteen days of service of summons
bthree months of service of summons
cone month of service of summons (or such further time as the Court may allow)
dtwo months of service of summons
Answer: C
Section 13(1) requires the tenant, within one month of service of the writ of summons (or such further time as the Court may allow on application), to deposit or pay the arrears, and thereafter to continue paying month by month by the 15th of each succeeding month.
Q41M.P. Accommodation Control Act, 1961

Under Section 13(1) of the M.P. Accommodation Control Act, 1961, after making the initial deposit, the tenant is required to continue depositing or paying the monthly rent by :

athe 7th of each succeeding month
bthe 15th of each succeeding month
cthe 10th of each succeeding month
dthe last day of each succeeding month
Answer: B
Section 13(1) directs the tenant thereafter to continue to deposit or pay, month by month, by the 15th of each succeeding month, a sum equivalent to the rent at that rate, till the decision of the suit.
Q42M.P. Accommodation Control Act, 1961

Chapter III-A of the M.P. Accommodation Control Act, 1961, providing a special summary procedure for eviction on the ground of bona fide requirement by a special class of landlords, was inserted by amendment with effect from :

a1961
b1983
c1992
d1976
Answer: B
Chapter III-A (Sections 23-A to 23-J) was inserted by M.P. Act 27 of 1983, with effect from 16-8-1983, to provide a speedy remedy for specified categories of landlords.
Q43M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959

Under Section 178 of the M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959, an application for partition of a holding by a bhumiswami is to be made to the -

aTahsildar
bSub-Divisional Officer
cCivil Court
dCollector
Answer: A
Section 178(1) provides that where there is more than one bhumiswami in a holding, any such bhumiswami may apply to a Tahsildar for partition of his share in the holding.
Q44M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959

Disputes regarding boundaries between villages, survey numbers and plot numbers, where such boundaries have been fixed under Section 124, are decided under Section 125 of the M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959 by the -

aCollector
bSub-Divisional Officer
cTahsildar
dCommissioner
Answer: C
Section 125 provides that all such boundary disputes shall be decided by the Tahsildar after local inquiry at which all interested persons have an opportunity of appearing and producing evidence.
Q45M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959

Penalty for unauthorisedly taking possession of land, providing for summary ejectment of an encroacher, is contained in which section of the M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959?

aSection 246
bSection 253
cSection 248
dSection 250
Answer: C
Section 248 empowers the Tahsildar to summarily eject any person who unauthorisedly takes or remains in possession of unoccupied land, abadi, service land or Government land, and to impose fine.
Q46Computer Knowledge

RAM in a computer is a type of:

aOptical storage
bPermanent (non-volatile) storage
cVolatile primary memory
dSecondary storage
Answer: C
RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile primary memory whose contents are lost when power is switched off, unlike non-volatile storage such as a hard disk.
Q47Computer Knowledge

In Microsoft Word and most Windows applications, the keyboard shortcut 'Ctrl + Z' is used to:

aRedo the last action
bCopy the selected text
cUndo the last action
dSave the document
Answer: C
Ctrl + Z is the standard shortcut to undo the most recent action in Microsoft Office and most Windows software; Ctrl + Y is used to redo.
Q48Computer Knowledge

The binary number system used by computers consists of which two digits?

a0 and 1
b1 and 2
c0 and 9
d1 and 10
Answer: A
The binary number system is a base-2 system that uses only two digits, 0 and 1, which correspond to the off and on states of electronic switches.
Q49English Knowledge

Identify the sentence written in the active voice.

aThe judge delivered the verdict.
bA verdict is being delivered.
cThe verdict has been delivered.
dThe verdict was delivered by the judge.
Answer: A
In the active voice the subject performs the action; in 'The judge delivered the verdict' the subject (judge) acts upon the object (verdict).
Q50English Knowledge

One word substitution for 'a person who can speak two languages' is —

aBilingual
bPolyglot
cOrator
dLinguist
Answer: A
A 'bilingual' person speaks two languages; a 'polyglot' knows or speaks many languages.
Q51English Knowledge

Fill in the blank with the correct preposition: 'The accused was acquitted ______ the charge of theft.'

awith
bagainst
cfrom
dof
Answer: D
The verb 'acquit' takes the preposition 'of'; one is acquitted 'of' a charge.
Q52Limitation Act, 1963

A suit to obtain a declaration falls under Article 58 of the Schedule to the Limitation Act, 1963, for which the prescribed period is -

aone year from the right to sue
bsix years from when the right to sue accrues
cthree years from when the right to sue first accrues
dtwelve years from the date of the order sought to be declared void
Answer: C
Article 58 prescribes three years for a suit to obtain any declaration, computed from the date when the right to sue 'first' accrues; the word 'first' distinguishes it from the residuary Article 113.
Q53Limitation Act, 1963

A suit to enforce a right of pre-emption is governed by Article 97 of the Schedule to the Limitation Act, 1963, which prescribes a limitation period of -

asix years
btwelve years
cthree years
done year
Answer: D
Article 97 prescribes one year for a suit to enforce a right of pre-emption, running from when the purchaser takes physical possession (or, where the subject is not possessory, registration of the sale deed).
Q54Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881

Under the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, the person who is directed to pay by the maker of a bill of exchange or cheque is called the :-

aPayee
bDrawer
cDrawee
dAcceptor
Answer: C
Under Section 7, the maker of a bill of exchange or cheque is the "drawer"; the person thereby directed to pay is the "drawee"; and the person to whom payment is directed is the "payee".
Q55Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

The provision for grant of a temporary injunction to preserve property in dispute that is in danger of being wasted, damaged or wrongfully alienated is contained in :-

aOrder 39 Rules 1 and 2 CPC
bOrder 38 Rule 5 CPC
cOrder 39 Rule 4 CPC
dOrder 40 Rule 1 CPC
Answer: A
Order 39 Rules 1 and 2 CPC empower the court to grant a temporary injunction to preserve the subject matter of the suit; Order 38 Rule 5 deals with the distinct remedy of attachment before judgment to secure a future decree.
Q56Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

Where a decree or order is varied or reversed in appeal, revision or other proceeding, the remedy by which a party may be restored to the position he would have occupied but for such decree, including refund and mesne profits, is provided under :-

aSection 151 CPC
bSection 115 CPC
cSection 144 CPC
dSection 114 CPC
Answer: C
Section 144 CPC embodies the doctrine of restitution; on variation or reversal of a decree the court that passed it may order such restitution, including refund of costs, interest, damages, compensation and mesne profits, to restore parties to their original position.
Q57Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

The inherent power of the court to make such orders as may be necessary for the ends of justice or to prevent abuse of the process of the court is saved by :-

aSection 151 CPC
bSection 149 CPC
cSection 153 CPC
dSection 148 CPC
Answer: A
Section 151 CPC declares that nothing in the Code shall limit or affect the inherent power of the court to make such orders as may be necessary for the ends of justice or to prevent abuse of the process of the court.
Q58Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

No appeal lies from a decree passed by the court with the consent of parties. This bar is contained in :-

aSection 97 CPC
bSection 96(1) CPC
cSection 96(2) CPC
dSection 96(3) CPC
Answer: D
Section 96(3) CPC expressly bars an appeal from a decree passed with the consent of the parties; the remedy of an aggrieved party is to approach the court that recorded the compromise.
Q59Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

A party seeking to set aside a compromise decree on the ground that the compromise was not lawful :-

amay institute a separate suit for that purpose
bmay only file a revision under Section 115
cis barred from instituting a separate suit and must approach the court which recorded the compromise
dmay file a first appeal under Section 96(1) without any restriction
Answer: C
Order 23 Rule 3A CPC (inserted by the 1976 Amendment) bars a separate suit to set aside a decree on the ground that the compromise on which it is based was not lawful; the only remedy is to approach the same court that recorded the compromise.
Q60Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

Additional evidence may be admitted by the appellate court under Order 41 Rule 27 of the Code of Civil Procedure in which of the following situations?

aWhere the trial court refused to admit evidence which ought to have been admitted, or the appellate court requires it to pronounce judgment
bIn every appeal as a matter of right
cWhenever a party desires to strengthen its case
dOnly where the opposite party consents
Answer: A
Order 41 Rule 27 CPC permits additional evidence in appeal only in limited circumstances, such as where the trial court wrongly refused admissible evidence, where the evidence was not within the party's knowledge despite due diligence, or where the appellate court itself requires it to pronounce judgment; it cannot be used merely to fill lacunae.
Q61Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

The maximum period within which a defendant may be permitted to file his written statement, reckoned from the date of service of summons, under the first proviso to Order 8 Rule 1 of the Code of Civil Procedure (in a non-commercial suit) is :-

a60 days
b30 days
c120 days
d90 days
Answer: D
Under Order 8 Rule 1 CPC the defendant must ordinarily file the written statement within 30 days of service of summons, extendable for reasons recorded in writing up to a maximum of 90 days; the rigid 120-day outer limit applies only to commercial suits.
Q62Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

The leading decision of the Supreme Court which upheld the constitutional validity of Section 89 of the Code of Civil Procedure relating to settlement of disputes outside the court (ADR) was rendered in :-

aSushil Kumar Sen v. State of Bihar
bHussainara Khatoon v. State of Bihar
cSalem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
dManeka Gandhi v. Union of India
Answer: C
In Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India, the Supreme Court upheld the validity of Section 89 CPC and gave it a workable interpretation; the modes of ADR under Section 89 were further elaborated in Afcons Infrastructure Ltd. v. Cherian Varkey Construction Co.
Q63Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

Amendment of pleadings, allowing either party at any stage of the proceedings to alter or amend its pleadings as may be necessary for determining the real questions in controversy, is governed by :-

aOrder 6 Rule 17 CPC
bOrder 1 Rule 10 CPC
cOrder 7 Rule 11 CPC
dOrder 8 Rule 9 CPC
Answer: A
Order 6 Rule 17 CPC empowers the court at any stage to allow amendment of pleadings on just terms as necessary to determine the real questions in controversy; Order 1 Rule 10 deals with addition or striking out of parties.
Q64Constitution of India

The procedure for amendment of the Constitution is contained in Article 368. A constitutional amendment that seeks to change provisions such as the election of the President, the extent of executive or legislative power of the Union and States, or the Seventh Schedule, requires, in addition to a special majority of Parliament:

aRatification by the Legislatures of not less than one-half of the States
bRatification by all the State Legislatures
cAssent of the Council of States by two-thirds majority
dA referendum among the electorate
Answer: A
Under the proviso to Article 368(2), amendments affecting the enumerated federal provisions must, in addition to the special majority, be ratified by the Legislatures of not less than one-half of the States before being presented for assent.
Q65Constitution of India

The 'Doctrine of Pleasure', under which civil servants hold office during the pleasure of the President, is embodied in:

aArticle 311
bArticle 310
cArticle 312
dArticle 309
Answer: B
Article 310 embodies the doctrine of pleasure, providing that members of the defence and civil services of the Union hold office during the pleasure of the President; Article 311 provides safeguards against this rule.
Q66Constitution of India

Under Article 32, which the Supreme Court in some decisions has described as the 'heart and soul' of the Constitution, the right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of fundamental rights:

aIs merely a directive principle of State policy
bCan be taken away by an ordinary law of Parliament
cIs itself a fundamental right, but may be suspended except as otherwise provided by the Constitution
dIs available only against State Governments, not the Union
Answer: C
Article 32(1) guarantees the right to move the Supreme Court as itself a fundamental right; under Article 32(4) it cannot be suspended except as otherwise provided by the Constitution (e.g., under Article 359 during an emergency).
Q67Constitution of India

Under Article 233 of the Constitution of India, the appointment of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be made by:

aThe State Public Service Commission in consultation with the Governor
bThe President in consultation with the Chief Justice of India
cThe Governor of the State in consultation with the High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to such State
dThe Chief Justice of the High Court alone
Answer: C
Article 233(1) provides that appointments, postings and promotions of district judges are made by the Governor of the State in consultation with the High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to that State.
Q68Constitution of India

A person who is not already in the service of the Union or of the State is eligible to be appointed a district judge under Article 233(2) only if he has been an advocate or pleader for not less than:

aThree years
bSeven years
cTen years
dFive years
Answer: B
Article 233(2) requires that such a person must have been an advocate or pleader for at least seven years and be recommended by the High Court for appointment.
Q69Constitution of India

The doctrine of 'basic structure' of the Constitution, holding that Parliament cannot under Article 368 amend the Constitution so as to destroy its basic structure, was propounded by the Supreme Court in:

aKesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973)
bGolak Nath v. State of Punjab (1967)
cMinerva Mills v. Union of India (1980)
dIndira Nehru Gandhi v. Raj Narain (1975)
Answer: A
In Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973), a 13-judge bench held by a 7:6 majority that Parliament's amending power under Article 368 does not extend to altering the basic structure of the Constitution.
Q70Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

Section 55 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) lays down the rule that:

aOral evidence must, in all cases, be direct
bSecondary evidence may be given without accounting for the original
cAll documentary evidence must be in the form of primary evidence
dHearsay evidence is always admissible if relevant
Answer: A
Section 55 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 enacts that oral evidence must in all cases be direct, i.e. of a fact seen by the witness who saw it, heard by the witness who heard it, and so on, thereby excluding hearsay.
Q71Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

Under the definitions in Section 2 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA), where one fact is declared to be "conclusive proof" of another, the Court:

aShall regard the other fact as proved and shall not allow evidence to be given to disprove it
bMay regard the other fact as proved but may call for confirmatory evidence
cMay presume the other fact at its discretion
dShall regard the other fact as proved unless and until it is disproved
Answer: A
Under Section 2 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, where one fact is declared "conclusive proof" of another, the Court shall, on proof of the one, regard the other as proved and shall not allow evidence to be given to disprove it; the irrebuttable nature distinguishes it from "shall presume" (rebuttable) and "may presume" (discretionary).
Q72Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

Under Section 6 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA), which of the following is a relevant fact?

aAny fact showing the motive or preparation for any fact in issue or relevant fact, or the conduct of a party influenced by or influencing such fact
bAny fact which is the occasion, cause or effect of a fact in issue
cAny fact forming part of the same transaction (res gestae)
dAny opinion of a person specially skilled in science or art
Answer: A
Section 6 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 makes relevant any fact showing motive or preparation for a fact in issue or relevant fact, and the conduct of a party or his agent that influences or is influenced by such fact. (Option (a) is Section 5 BSA, (c) Section 4 BSA, (d) Section 39 BSA.)
Q73Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

Under Section 23 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA), a confession made to a police officer:

amay be proved against the accused if it is corroborated
bshall not be proved as against a person accused of any offence
cis admissible if made voluntarily and without inducement
dmay be proved only if recorded in the presence of two witnesses
Answer: B
Section 23(1) of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 lays down an absolute bar: no confession made to a police officer shall be proved as against a person accused of any offence, irrespective of voluntariness or corroboration.
Q74Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

So much of information received from an accused in police custody as relates distinctly to the fact thereby discovered may be proved. This 'discovery of fact' exception is contained in:

athe proviso to Section 23 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)
bSection 23(2) of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)
cSection 22 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)
dSection 25 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)
Answer: A
The proviso to Section 23(2) of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 is an exception to the bar in Section 23; only that part of the information which relates distinctly to the fact discovered, whether it amounts to a confession or not, is provable. Section 25 BSA deals with admissions not being conclusive proof (and operating as estoppel), not discovery.
Q75Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

In Pulukuri Kottaya v. Emperor (AIR 1947 PC 67), it was held that for the purpose of the 'discovery of fact' provision (now the proviso to Section 23 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023), the 'fact discovered' embraces:

aonly the motive disclosed by the accused
bthe place from which the object is produced and the accused's knowledge of it
cthe entire confessional statement of the accused
donly the physical object such as the weapon recovered
Answer: B
The Privy Council held that the 'fact discovered' is not merely the object produced but includes the place from which it is produced and the knowledge of the accused as to this; only information relating distinctly to that fact is admissible, a principle carried into the proviso to Section 23(2) of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023.
Q76General Knowledge

Choose the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom: 'To cross swords'.

aTo travel abroad
bTo take an oath
cTo make peace
dTo enter into conflict or argument
Answer: D
The idiom 'to cross swords' means to engage in a dispute, argument or conflict with someone.
Q77General Knowledge

Choose the one-word substitution for 'a government by officials':

aAristocracy
bTheocracy
cPlutocracy
dBureaucracy
Answer: D
'Bureaucracy' is the one-word substitution for a system of government in which most decisions are taken by State officials rather than by elected representatives.
Q78General Knowledge

Mauganj, which was carved out of Rewa district on 15 August 2023, became which numbered district of Madhya Pradesh?

a52nd
b55th
c51st
d53rd
Answer: D
Mauganj was notified as the 53rd district of Madhya Pradesh, formed out of Rewa district and made functional on 15 August 2023.
Q79General Knowledge

Kuno National Park, the site of India's Project Cheetah where African cheetahs were reintroduced in September 2022, is located in which district of Madhya Pradesh?

aMorena
bMandsaur
cSheopur
dShivpuri
Answer: C
Kuno National Park lies in the Sheopur district of Madhya Pradesh, where Namibian cheetahs were released on 17 September 2022 under Project Cheetah.
Q80General Knowledge

The Tansen Samaroh, an annual classical music festival held in Madhya Pradesh, is organised at the tomb of Tansen in which city?

aKhajuraho
bGwalior
cUjjain
dMaheshwar
Answer: B
The Tansen Samaroh is held every year in December near the tomb of the musician Tansen at Gwalior, organised by the state's culture department.
Q81Indian Contract Act, 1872

Under Section 23 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, the consideration or object of an agreement is unlawful in all the following cases EXCEPT where it:-

ais forbidden by law
bthe Court regards as immoral or opposed to public policy
cis of such a nature that, if permitted, it would defeat the provisions of any law
dresults in a poor commercial bargain for one party
Answer: D
Section 23 declares consideration or object unlawful only if it is forbidden by law, defeats the provisions of any law, is fraudulent, involves injury to person or property, or is immoral or opposed to public policy; a mere bad bargain does not make the object unlawful.
Q82Indian Contract Act, 1872

Which one of the following best states the ratio of Satyabrata Ghose Vs. Mugneeram Bangur & Co. regarding the doctrine of frustration?

aFrustration applies only where the subject matter is physically destroyed
bThe doctrine of frustration in India is governed by the English theory of implied terms, not the Contract Act
cCommercial hardship or rise in price by itself frustrates a contract
dSection 56 of the Contract Act is exhaustive on supervening impossibility, and a temporary requisition not destroying the foundation of the contract does not frustrate it
Answer: D
In Satyabrata Ghose v. Mugneeram Bangur & Co. (AIR 1954 SC 44) the Supreme Court held that frustration in India is governed by Section 56 and not the English implied-term theory, and that a temporary wartime requisition which did not destroy the foundation of the contract did not frustrate it.
Q83Indian Contract Act, 1872

Section 73 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, which provides for compensation for loss caused by breach of contract, is regarded as the statutory embodiment of the rule laid down in:-

aHadley Vs. Baxendale
bCundy Vs. Lindsay
cTaylor Vs. Caldwell
dHochster Vs. De La Tour
Answer: A
Section 73 codifies the principle of Hadley v. Baxendale (1854): only loss arising naturally in the usual course of things, or which the parties knew at the time of contract to be likely from the breach, is recoverable; remote and indirect loss is not.
Q84Indian Contract Act, 1872

Where a contract contains a stipulation by way of liquidated damages or penalty for breach, Section 74 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, entitles the aggrieved party to receive:-

ano compensation at all unless actual loss is strictly proved
bthe whole of the sum named irrespective of actual loss
creasonable compensation not exceeding the sum named, whether or not actual loss is proved
ddouble the sum named as a deterrent
Answer: C
Section 74 provides that where a sum is named in the contract as the amount to be paid on breach, the party complaining of breach is entitled to reasonable compensation not exceeding the amount so named, irrespective of proof of actual damage.
Q85Indian Contract Act, 1872

The chief distinction between a contract of indemnity (Section 124) and a contract of guarantee (Section 126) under the Indian Contract Act, 1872, lies in that:-

aa guarantee need not be supported by consideration, while an indemnity must be
ba guarantee has three parties (creditor, principal debtor and surety) whereas an indemnity has two parties
cin indemnity the liability is secondary, while in guarantee it is primary
dan indemnity has three parties whereas a guarantee has only two parties
Answer: B
A contract of indemnity (Section 124) involves two parties, the indemnifier and the indemnity-holder, whereas a contract of guarantee (Section 126) involves three parties, the creditor, the principal debtor and the surety, whose liability is collateral to that of the principal debtor.
Q86Indian Penal Code, 1860

A man has sexual intercourse with a woman by making a promise to marry her without any intention of fulfilling it, such intercourse not amounting to rape. Under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, he is liable under:

aSection 64
bSection 69
cSection 63
dSection 85
Answer: B
Section 69 BNS is a new offence that punishes sexual intercourse obtained by deceitful means, including a false promise to marry, with imprisonment up to ten years and fine, where it does not amount to rape.
Q87Indian Penal Code, 1860

Under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, the offence of 'dowry death' is dealt with under:

aSection 85
bSection 84
cSection 80
dSection 79
Answer: C
Section 80 BNS deals with dowry death (corresponding to Section 304B IPC) and is punishable with imprisonment of not less than seven years which may extend to imprisonment for life.
Q88Indian Penal Code, 1860

Subjecting a married woman to cruelty by her husband or a relative of her husband is, under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, an offence under:

aSection 86
bSection 85
cSection 80
dSection 84
Answer: B
Section 85 BNS punishes cruelty by husband or his relative (corresponding to Section 498A IPC) with imprisonment up to three years and fine; Section 86 defines 'cruelty' for this purpose.
Q89Indian Penal Code, 1860

Which section of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 deals with 'organised crime', a category of offence newly codified in the Sanhita?

aSection 113
bSection 109
cSection 111
dSection 110
Answer: C
Section 111 BNS newly defines and punishes 'organised crime', covering acts such as kidnapping, extortion and cyber-crime committed on behalf of a crime syndicate; this had no counterpart in the IPC.
Q90Indian Penal Code, 1860

The offence of acts endangering the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India, which replaces the erstwhile offence of sedition, is contained in which section of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023?

aSection 147
bSection 152
cSection 150
dSection 197
Answer: B
Section 152 BNS replaces the old sedition provision (Section 124A IPC) and punishes acts exciting secession, armed rebellion or subversive activities, with imprisonment for life or up to seven years and fine.
Q91Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

Under Section 23 of the BNSS, 2023, a Judicial Magistrate of the first class may pass a sentence of imprisonment not exceeding:

aOne year, or fine up to ten thousand rupees, or both
bThree years, or fine up to fifty thousand rupees, or both, or community service
cFive years, or fine up to one lakh rupees, or both
dSeven years, or fine up to ten thousand rupees
Answer: B
Section 23(1) BNSS empowers a Magistrate of the first class to pass a sentence of imprisonment up to three years, or fine up to fifty thousand rupees, or both, or community service.
Q92Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

Under Section 105 of the BNSS, 2023, the search and seizure of property and the preparation of the list of seized articles shall be:

aWitnessed only by a gazetted officer
bConducted only after obtaining a warrant from the District Magistrate
cRecorded only in writing in the presence of two witnesses
dRecorded through audio-video electronic means, preferably a mobile phone, and forwarded to the Magistrate
Answer: D
Section 105 BNSS newly mandates that the process of search and seizure and preparation of the seizure list be recorded through audio-video electronic means (preferably a mobile phone) and forwarded without delay to the District/Sub-Divisional Magistrate or Magistrate of the first class.
Q93Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

Under Section 356 of the BNSS, 2023, inquiry, trial or judgment in absentia of a proclaimed offender may be commenced by the Court after the expiry of:

aOne hundred and eighty days from the date of the FIR
bThirty days from the date of framing of charge
cNinety days from the date of framing of charge
dSixty days from the date of issue of the proclamation
Answer: C
Section 356 BNSS, a new provision, allows trial in absentia of a proclaimed offender where the Court proceeds with the trial after ninety days have elapsed from the date of framing of charge.
Q94Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

Under Section 290 of the BNSS, 2023, an application for plea bargaining is to be filed by the accused within a period of:

aFifteen days from the cognizance of offence
bSeven days from the date of the FIR
cThirty days from the date of framing of charge
dSixty days from the filing of the charge-sheet
Answer: C
Section 290 BNSS makes plea bargaining time-bound, requiring the accused to file the application within thirty days from the date of framing of charge.
Q95Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

Under Section 479 of the BNSS, 2023, a first-time offender (who has never been convicted) undergoing detention as an undertrial shall ordinarily be released on bond after having undergone detention up to:

aTwo-thirds of the maximum period of imprisonment specified for the offence
bOne-half of the maximum period of imprisonment specified for the offence
cOne-third of the maximum period of imprisonment specified for the offence
dThe full maximum period of imprisonment specified for the offence
Answer: C
The first proviso to Section 479(1) BNSS provides that a first-time offender shall be released on bond by the Court after having undergone detention for up to one-third of the maximum period of imprisonment specified for the offence.
Q96Specific Relief Act, 1963

Clause (ha) inserted in Section 41 of the Specific Relief Act, 1963 by the 2018 amendment bars the grant of an injunction where it :-

arelates to enforcement of a penal law
bwould impede or delay the progress or completion of any infrastructure project or interfere with the continued provision of any related facility or service
cwould prevent a continuing breach of trust
dis sought against the Government
Answer: B
Section 41(ha), added by the 2018 amendment, prohibits an injunction if it would impede or delay the progress or completion of an infrastructure project or interfere with the continued provision of any facility or service connected with such project.
Q97Specific Relief Act, 1963

In a suit for perpetual injunction under Section 38 or mandatory injunction under Section 39 of the Specific Relief Act, 1963, the plaintiff may, under Section 40, claim damages :-

ain substitution for the injunction only
beither in addition to, or in substitution for, such injunction
cin addition to the injunction only
din no circumstances, as damages are alien to injunction suits
Answer: B
Section 40(1) allows the plaintiff in a suit under Section 38 or 39 to claim damages either in addition to, or in substitution for, the injunction, provided such relief has been claimed in the plaint (or by amendment).
Q98Specific Relief Act, 1963

A person who has been dispossessed of immovable property without his consent otherwise than in due course of law may recover possession by a suit under Section 6 of the Specific Relief Act, 1963. Such a suit must be brought within :-

athirty days from the date of dispossession
bsix months from the date of dispossession
cone year from the date of dispossession
dtwelve years from the date of dispossession
Answer: B
Section 6(2)(a) bars a suit under Section 6 if brought after the expiry of six months from the date of dispossession; this summary remedy is independent of title.
Q99Specific Relief Act, 1963

Against an order or decree passed in a suit instituted under Section 6 of the Specific Relief Act, 1963 :-

aan appeal lies but no review is permitted
ba review lies but no appeal is permitted
cboth an appeal and a review lie as a matter of right
dneither an appeal nor a review lies
Answer: D
Section 6(3) expressly provides that no appeal shall lie from any order or decree passed in a suit under Section 6, nor shall any review of such order or decree be allowed; the remedy of an aggrieved party is a regular title suit.
Q100Transfer of Property Act, 1882

A makes a gift to B of a number of shares, some of which are fully paid and some of which carry a heavy onerous burden of further calls, by a single transfer. Under Section 127 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882, B:

aIs liable only to the extent of the value of the benefit received
bMust, if he accepts the gift, take it as a whole including the onerous shares
cMay accept the fully paid shares and reject the burdened ones
dCan take nothing by the gift
Answer: B
Section 127 provides that where a single gift comprises several things, one of which is burdened by an onerous obligation, the donee can take nothing unless he accepts it fully; he cannot accept the beneficial part and reject the onerous part.
Q101Transfer of Property Act, 1882

Under Section 54 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882, a sale of tangible immovable property of the value of one hundred rupees and upwards can be made only by:

aA registered instrument
bEither a registered instrument or delivery of possession
cDelivery of possession alone
dAn unregistered written agreement signed by the seller
Answer: A
Section 54 provides that in the case of tangible immovable property of value of one hundred rupees and upwards, or in the case of a reversion or other intangible thing, sale can be made only by a registered instrument; delivery suffices only for tangible property below one hundred rupees.
Q102Transfer of Property Act, 1882

In the absence of a contract, local law or usage to the contrary, a lease of immovable property for agricultural or manufacturing purposes is deemed to be a lease from year to year, terminable on the part of either lessor or lessee by:

asix months' notice
bfifteen days' notice
cthree months' notice
done month's notice
Answer: A
Under Section 106 of the Transfer of Property Act, a lease for agricultural or manufacturing purposes is deemed to be from year to year, terminable by six months' notice; a lease for any other purpose is from month to month, terminable by fifteen days' notice.
Q103Transfer of Property Act, 1882

'A', professing to transfer to 'B' for consideration the property of his uncle 'C' which 'A' merely hopes to inherit, executes a sale deed; later 'C' dies and 'A' actually inherits the property. 'B' demands the property. Which provision governs and what is the result?

aAt B's option, the transfer becomes operative on the interest later acquired by A under Section 43
bThe transfer is void under Section 6(a) as it was of a spes successionis
cThe transfer is valid only if C had consented in writing during his lifetime
dB can claim only damages and not the property, under Section 6(e)
Answer: A
Under Section 43 (feeding the grant by estoppel), where a person fraudulently or erroneously represents that he is authorised to transfer property and the transfer is for consideration, the transfer operates on any interest he subsequently acquires, at the option of the transferee. The Supreme Court in Jumma Masjid, Mercara v. Kodimaniandra Deviah, AIR 1962 SC 847, held Section 43 prevails over Section 6(a) where the transferee acts on a representation of present title.
Q104M.P. Accommodation Control Act, 1961

Which of the following landlords is NOT included within the definition of 'landlord' for the purpose of Chapter III-A (Section 23-J) of the M.P. Accommodation Control Act, 1961 ?

aA minor who has inherited the accommodation
bA physically handicapped person
cA widow or a divorced wife
dA retired servant of any Government, including a retired member of the Defence Services
Answer: A
Section 23-J defines 'landlord' for Chapter III-A to include retired Government/defence servants, retired servants of Government-controlled companies, widows or divorced wives, physically handicapped persons, and certain serving Government employees; a minor heir is not within this special category.
Q105M.P. Accommodation Control Act, 1961

In proceedings under Chapter III-A of the M.P. Accommodation Control Act, 1961, a tenant who has been served with a summons can contest the application only after obtaining leave from the Rent Controlling Authority, and the application for such leave must be filed within :

atwo months of service of summons
bseven days of service of summons
cthirty days of service of summons
dfifteen days of service of summons
Answer: D
Under Section 23-C, the tenant must file an application supported by affidavit seeking leave to contest within fifteen days of the service of summons; failing which the landlord's averments in the eviction application are deemed admitted.
Q106M.P. Accommodation Control Act, 1961

An application by a specified-category landlord for recovery of possession on the ground of bona fide requirement under Chapter III-A of the M.P. Accommodation Control Act, 1961, is decided by :

athe Civil Judge having territorial jurisdiction
bthe Collector of the district
cthe Rent Controlling Authority
dthe District Judge
Answer: C
Under Section 23-A, an application for recovery of possession on the ground of bona fide requirement by a Chapter III-A landlord is made to and decided by the Rent Controlling Authority following the summary procedure of that Chapter.
Q107M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959

Under Section 11 of the M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959, which of the following is NOT included among the classes of Revenue Officers?

aPatwari
bTahsildar
cNaib-Tahsildar
dCommissioner
Answer: A
Section 11 enumerates Revenue Officers from Commissioner down to Naib-Tahsildar and Assistant Superintendents of Land Records; the patwari is not listed as a class of Revenue Officer under this section.
Q108M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959

Under Section 257 of the M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959, on matters which a Revenue Officer is empowered to determine under the Code, the jurisdiction of a Civil Court is -

aconcurrent with the Revenue Court
bavailable only after exhausting appeals under the Code
cavailable only with leave of the Board of Revenue
dbarred, save as otherwise provided
Answer: D
Section 257 ousts the jurisdiction of Civil Courts over matters which the State Government, Board or any Revenue Officer is empowered to decide under the Code, except as otherwise provided.
Q109M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959

Diversion of land, i.e. using land assessed for one purpose under Section 59 for another purpose, is dealt with under which section of the M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959?

aSection 170
bSection 165
cSection 178
dSection 172
Answer: D
Section 172 governs diversion of land; its Explanation defines diversion as using land assessed to one purpose under Section 59 for any other purpose mentioned therein.
Q110Computer Knowledge

In the context of email, 'Cc' stands for:

aClosed Circuit
bCarbon Copy
cComputer Copy
dConfidential Copy
Answer: B
In email, 'Cc' stands for Carbon Copy; recipients in the Cc field receive a copy of the message and their addresses are visible to all recipients.
Q111Computer Knowledge

Which of the following is the default file extension of a Microsoft Excel workbook created in recent versions?

a.xlsx
b.docx
c.pptx
d.txt
Answer: A
Modern Microsoft Excel workbooks are saved with the .xlsx extension, while .docx is for Word documents and .pptx is for PowerPoint presentations.
Q112Computer Knowledge

'URL' in the context of the internet stands for:

aUnique Reference Locator
bUniversal Reference Link
cUniversal Resource Language
dUniform Resource Locator
Answer: D
URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator, which is the address used to locate a resource such as a web page on the internet.
Q113English Knowledge

Choose the word that is the antonym of 'Frugal'.

aEconomical
bThrifty
cSparing
dExtravagant
Answer: D
'Frugal' means careful and sparing with money; its antonym is 'extravagant', meaning wasteful or lavish in spending.
Q114English Knowledge

The idiom 'a red-letter day' means —

aA day of mourning
bA day of warning
cA day of hard labour
dA memorable or joyfully important day
Answer: D
'A red-letter day' refers to a day that is pleasantly memorable or special, traditionally marked in red on calendars.
Q115English Knowledge

One who is recovering from illness is called —

aValetudinarian
bConvalescent
cInvalid
dPatient
Answer: B
A 'convalescent' is a person who is recovering health and strength after an illness.
Q116Limitation Act, 1963

An application for which no period of limitation is provided elsewhere in the Schedule to the Limitation Act, 1963 is governed by the residuary Article 137, which prescribes -

athirty days from the right to apply
bninety days from the right to apply
ctwelve years from when the right to apply accrues
dthree years from when the right to apply accrues
Answer: D
Article 137, the residuary article for applications, prescribes three years from the date when the right to apply accrues; it applies to applications under the CPC and other applications not specifically provided for elsewhere in the Schedule.
Q117Limitation Act, 1963

A suit is instituted after the period prescribed in the Schedule has expired, but the defendant in his written statement does not plead limitation as a defence. What is the duty of the court under Section 3 of the Limitation Act, 1963?

aThe court shall stay the suit and direct the defendant to amend the written statement
bThe court may proceed with the suit unless the defendant later raises the plea
cThe court must decree the suit since limitation has been waived by the defendant
dThe court shall dismiss the suit, even though limitation has not been set up as a defence
Answer: D
Section 3 makes the bar of limitation mandatory: any suit instituted, appeal preferred or application made after the prescribed period shall be dismissed although limitation has not been set up as a defence. Limitation cannot be waived by the parties.
Q118Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the effect of a material alteration of a negotiable instrument under Section 87 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881?

aIt renders the instrument voidable at the option of the holder
bIt renders the instrument void against anyone who was a party at the time of the alteration and did not consent thereto
cIt has no effect on the validity of the instrument
dIt renders the instrument void in all cases without exception
Answer: B
Section 87 provides that any material alteration renders the instrument void as against anyone who was a party at the time of the alteration and did not consent thereto, unless the alteration was made to carry out the common intention of the original parties.
Q119Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

Where the holder of a decree for possession of immovable property is resisted or obstructed by any person in obtaining possession, the decree-holder may make an application complaining of such resistance under :-

aOrder 21 Rule 58 CPC
bOrder 21 Rule 32 CPC
cOrder 21 Rule 101 CPC
dOrder 21 Rule 97 CPC
Answer: D
Order 21 Rule 97 CPC enables a decree-holder for possession of immovable property (or the auction-purchaser) who is resisted or obstructed in obtaining possession to apply to the court complaining of such resistance or obstruction.
Q120Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

Under the Code of Civil Procedure, the jurisdiction of civil courts to try all suits of a civil nature is conferred by Section 9, subject to the qualification that such jurisdiction is :-

aavailable only with prior sanction of the District Judge
bbarred in all suits involving the Government
cavailable unless its cognizance is either expressly or impliedly barred
davailable only where the suit value exceeds a prescribed amount
Answer: C
Section 9 CPC provides that civil courts have jurisdiction to try all suits of a civil nature except suits of which their cognizance is either expressly or impliedly barred.
Q121Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

Under Section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure, any agreement by which a judgment-debtor waives the benefit of the exemptions from attachment specified in the proviso to Section 60(1) is :-

avoid
bvalid and binding
cvoidable at the option of the decree-holder
dvalid only if registered
Answer: A
Section 60 CPC specifies properties liable to attachment and those exempt under its proviso; a sub-section inserted by the 1976 Amendment declares void any agreement by which a person waives the benefit of the exemptions under the proviso to Section 60(1).
Q122Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

Under Section 9 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, the Courts shall have jurisdiction to try all suits of a civil nature :-

aonly where the suit relates to a question of religious rites or ceremonies
bexcepting suits of which their cognizance is either expressly or impliedly barred
cexcepting suits in which the right to property is contested
donly when such jurisdiction is expressly conferred by statute
Answer: B
Section 9 provides that civil courts have jurisdiction to try all suits of a civil nature except those of which cognizance is either expressly or impliedly barred. The Explanation makes clear that a suit relating to religious office is a suit of a civil nature even though it may involve a question as to religious rites.
Q123Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

As per Section 15 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, every suit shall be instituted in the Court of :-

athe lowest grade competent to try it
bthe grade chosen at the option of the plaintiff
cthe District Judge alone
dthe highest grade competent to try it
Answer: A
Section 15, titled 'Court in which suits to be instituted', requires that every suit be instituted in the Court of the lowest grade competent to try it; this is a rule of procedure intended to distribute work and not one that ousts jurisdiction.
Q124Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

The doctrine of res judicata, which bars a Court from trying any suit or issue already directly and substantially in issue in a former suit finally decided between the same parties, is contained in :-

aSection 10 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
bSection 12 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
cSection 13 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
dSection 11 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
Answer: D
Section 11 embodies the doctrine of res judicata, preventing re-litigation of a matter already directly and substantially in issue and finally decided between the same parties or those claiming under them by a competent court. Section 10, by contrast, deals with stay of suit (res sub judice).
Q125Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

The general power to transfer and withdraw any suit, appeal or other proceeding pending before it to any subordinate Court is conferred upon the High Court or the District Court by :-

aSection 23 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
bSection 24 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
cSection 25 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
dSection 22 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
Answer: B
Section 24 confers the general power of transfer and withdrawal on the High Court and the District Court, exercisable on application of a party or suo motu. Section 25 separately empowers the Supreme Court to transfer any suit, appeal or proceeding from a High Court in one State to a High Court in another State.
Q126Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

No suit shall be instituted against the Government or against a public officer in respect of any act purporting to be done in his official capacity until the expiration of a notice period of :-

atwo months after notice in writing under Section 80
bthree months after notice in writing under Section 80
csix months after notice in writing under Section 80
done month after notice in writing under Section 80
Answer: A
Section 80 requires that two months' written notice be served before instituting a suit against the Government or a public officer in respect of acts done in official capacity. The proviso added by the 1976 amendment allows a suit to be filed with leave of the court without notice in cases requiring urgent relief.
Q127Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

Under Section 96(4) of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, no appeal (except on a question of law) shall lie from a decree in any suit cognizable by Courts of Small Causes where the value of the subject-matter of the original suit does not exceed :-

atwenty thousand rupees
bten thousand rupees
cfive thousand rupees
dthree thousand rupees
Answer: B
Section 96(4) bars an appeal, except on a question of law, from a decree in a suit of a nature cognizable by Courts of Small Causes where the value of the subject-matter does not exceed ten thousand rupees.
Q128Constitution of India

Under Article 312, Parliament may create a new All-India Service only if the Council of States (Rajya Sabha) has declared by resolution, supported by:

aAn absolute majority of the total membership of the House
bA simple majority of the members present and voting, that it is necessary in the national interest
cNot less than two-thirds of the members present and voting, that it is necessary or expedient in the national interest
dNot less than one-half of the total membership and two-thirds of members present and voting
Answer: C
Article 312(1) requires the Rajya Sabha to pass a resolution supported by not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting, declaring it necessary or expedient in the national interest, before Parliament may create a new All-India Service.
Q129Constitution of India

Under Article 280, the President is required to constitute a Finance Commission at the expiration of every:

aFifth year, or at such earlier time as he considers necessary
bThird year, or at such earlier time as he considers necessary
cFourth year, or at such earlier time as he considers necessary
dSixth year, or at such earlier time as he considers necessary
Answer: A
Article 280(1) requires the President to constitute a Finance Commission at the expiration of every fifth year, or at such earlier time as he considers necessary.
Q130Constitution of India

The Finance Commission constituted under Article 280 consists of a Chairman and:

aThree other members appointed by the President
bTwo other members appointed by the President
cFive other members appointed by the President
dFour other members appointed by the President
Answer: D
Article 280(1) provides that the Finance Commission shall consist of a Chairman and four other members to be appointed by the President.
Q131Constitution of India

Under Article 243-O of the Constitution of India, no election to any Panchayat shall be called in question except:

aBy a writ petition before the High Court under Article 226
bBy an election petition presented to such authority and in such manner as provided by or under any law made by the State Legislature
cBy a suit before the competent civil court
dBy an appeal to the State Election Commission
Answer: B
Article 243-O(b) bars courts from interfering in Panchayat electoral matters and provides that no election to a Panchayat shall be called in question except by an election petition presented to the authority and in the manner provided by State law.
Q132Constitution of India

Which one of the following writs may a High Court issue under Article 226 but the territorial reach of which is expressly extended where the cause of action arises wholly or in part within its jurisdiction?

aArticle 226 empowers a High Court to issue writs only for enforcement of fundamental rights and for no other purpose
bArticle 226 confers no power to issue prerogative writs
cArticle 226 empowers a High Court to issue writs only to authorities situated within its territory in every case without exception
dArticle 226 empowers a High Court to issue writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights and also for any other purpose
Answer: D
Article 226(1) empowers High Courts to issue writs for the enforcement of Part III rights 'and for any other purpose', and clause (2) extends jurisdiction where the cause of action arises wholly or in part, even if the authority is outside the territory.
Q133Constitution of India

Under Article 124(2) of the Constitution, a Judge of the Supreme Court holds office until he attains the age of:

aSixty-five years
bSeventy years
cSixty-two years
dSixty years
Answer: A
Article 124(2) provides that a Judge of the Supreme Court shall hold office until he attains the age of sixty-five years.
Q134Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

In Khushal Rao v. State of Bombay (AIR 1958 SC 22), interpreting the law on dying declarations now contained in Section 26(a) of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA), the Supreme Court held that a dying declaration:

acan never form the sole basis of conviction without corroboration
bmust always be recorded by a Magistrate to be relevant
cis admissible only in cases of homicide and not suicide
dif found true and voluntary, can form the sole basis of conviction without corroboration
Answer: D
The Court held there is no absolute rule of law or even of prudence that a dying declaration must be corroborated; if found reliable, true and voluntary, it can by itself sustain a conviction. The statement of a deceased as to the cause of death is made relevant by Section 26(a) BSA (formerly Section 32(1) IEA).
Q135Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

Statements made by a person, since deceased, as to the cause of his death or the circumstances of the transaction which resulted in his death are relevant under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) in:

aSection 24
bSection 26(a)
cSection 27
dSection 28
Answer: B
Section 26(a) BSA (corresponding to the former Section 32(1) IEA) makes relevant the statement of a person who is dead as to the cause of his death or the circumstances of the transaction resulting in his death (the dying declaration), in cases in which the cause of death comes into question.
Q136Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

Under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA), where the Adhiniyam directs that the Court 'shall presume' a fact, the Court:

ashall regard the fact as proved unless and until it is disproved
bshall ignore the fact unless it is independently corroborated
cmay regard the fact as proved or call for proof at its discretion
dshall regard the fact as proved and allow no evidence to disprove it
Answer: A
Under the definitions in Section 2 BSA (which carries forward the former Section 4 IEA), when the Court 'shall presume' a fact it must treat it as proved unless and until it is disproved; unlike 'may presume' there is no discretion to call for proof, and unlike 'conclusive proof' the presumption is rebuttable.
Q137Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

The fact that any person was born during the continuance of a valid marriage between his mother and any man, or within two hundred and eighty days after its dissolution (the mother remaining unmarried), is conclusive proof of legitimacy unless non-access is shown. Under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) this rule is contained in:

aSection 117
bSection 116
cSection 118
dSection 115
Answer: B
Section 116 BSA (formerly Section 112 IEA) treats birth during a valid marriage (or within two hundred and eighty days of its dissolution, the mother remaining unmarried) as conclusive proof of legitimacy, the only rebuttal being proof of non-access between the parties.
Q138Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

When the Court has to form an opinion upon a point of foreign law, science or art, or as to identity of handwriting or finger impressions, the opinions of persons specially skilled in such matters are relevant. Under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) this is provided in:

aSection 39
bSection 41
cSection 44
dSection 55
Answer: A
Section 39 BSA (formerly Section 45 IEA) makes relevant the opinions of experts on points of foreign law, science, art, or identity of handwriting and finger impressions; such persons are called experts.
Q139Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)

Under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA), the principle that 'oral evidence must, in all cases, be direct' is enshrined in:

aSection 54
bSection 56
cSection 58
dSection 55
Answer: D
Section 55 BSA (formerly Section 60 IEA) requires that oral evidence be direct, that is the witness must have personally seen, heard or perceived the fact; this provision is the statutory basis for excluding hearsay.
Q140General Knowledge

The 2024 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a grassroots movement associated with which country?

aSouth Korea
bSwitzerland
cJapan
dNorway
Answer: C
Nihon Hidankyo is a Japanese organisation of atomic bomb survivors (Hibakusha) of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, awarded the 2024 Nobel Peace Prize for its work against nuclear weapons.
Q141General Knowledge

What was the total number of medals won by India at the Paris 2024 Summer Olympic Games?

aTen
bFive
cSix
dSeven
Answer: C
India won six medals (one silver and five bronze) at the Paris 2024 Olympics, with Neeraj Chopra taking the lone silver in javelin throw.
Q142General Knowledge

On which date did India's Chandrayaan-3 mission achieve a soft landing near the lunar south pole, making India the first nation to do so?

a23 September 2023
b23 August 2023
c14 July 2023
d2 September 2023
Answer: B
The Vikram lander of Chandrayaan-3 soft-landed near the Moon's south pole on 23 August 2023, making India the first country to land in that region.
Q143General Knowledge

The Sanchi Stupa, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Madhya Pradesh, was originally commissioned by which ruler?

aSamudragupta
bAshoka
cHarshavardhana
dChandragupta Maurya
Answer: B
The Great Stupa at Sanchi was originally built in the 3rd century BCE by the Mauryan emperor Ashoka, making it one of the oldest stone structures in India.
Q144General Knowledge

Which gland in the human body is known as the 'master gland' because it controls other endocrine glands?

aPancreas
bThyroid gland
cPituitary gland
dAdrenal gland
Answer: C
The pituitary gland is called the master gland because the hormones it secretes regulate the activity of other endocrine glands.
Q145General Knowledge

Which two rivers meet at the city of Allahabad (Prayagraj) at the site known as Triveni Sangam, in addition to the mythical Saraswati?

aGanga and Son
bYamuna and Chambal
cGanga and Gomti
dGanga and Yamuna
Answer: D
At the Triveni Sangam in Prayagraj, the Ganga and the Yamuna physically meet, along with the mythical Saraswati river.
Q146Indian Contract Act, 1872

Under Section 171 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, a general lien in the absence of a contract to the contrary is available to:-

aonly an unpaid seller of goods
ba finder of goods
cevery bailee to whom goods are bailed
dbankers, factors, wharfingers, attorneys of a High Court and policy-brokers
Answer: D
Section 171 confers a right of general lien, in the absence of a contract to the contrary, only on bankers, factors, wharfingers, attorneys of a High Court and policy-brokers; other persons have only a particular lien unless there is an express contract.
Q147Indian Contract Act, 1872

As a general rule under Section 230 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, an agent who makes a contract on behalf of his principal:-

ais personally bound by and can personally enforce the contract
bis always personally liable along with the principal
ccannot personally enforce, nor is he personally bound by, such contracts, in the absence of a contract to that effect
dcan never make a contract that binds the principal
Answer: C
Section 230 lays down the general rule that, in the absence of a contract to the contrary, an agent can neither personally enforce contracts entered into on behalf of his principal, nor is he personally bound by them; the section then sets out presumed exceptions.
Q148Indian Contract Act, 1872

Consent is said to be caused by 'undue influence' under the Indian Contract Act, 1872, where one party is in a position to dominate the will of the other and uses that position to obtain an unfair advantage. The relevant section is:-

aSection 16
bSection 15
cSection 18
dSection 17
Answer: A
Section 16 defines undue influence as the use, by a party in a position to dominate the will of another, of that position to obtain an unfair advantage; Section 15 deals with coercion, Section 17 with fraud and Section 18 with misrepresentation.
Q149Indian Contract Act, 1872

When an agreement is discovered to be void, or when a contract becomes void, the person who has received any advantage under it is bound to restore it or to make compensation for it to the person from whom he received it. This obligation is contained in:-

aSection 64
bSection 70
cSection 72
dSection 65
Answer: D
Section 65 provides that when an agreement is discovered to be void, or a contract becomes void, any person who has received an advantage thereunder must restore it or compensate the person from whom he received it.
Q150Indian Contract Act, 1872

A contingent contract to do or not to do something if an uncertain future event happens cannot be enforced by law unless and until:-

aa reasonable time has expired
bthe event has become impossible
cthat event has happened
dthe parties mutually rescind it
Answer: C
Under Section 32, contingent contracts to do or not to do anything if an uncertain future event happens cannot be enforced unless and until that event has happened, and become void if the event becomes impossible.

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