Gujarat Judiciary Mock Test 6 — Questions & Solutions
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A is convicted of theft for a second time. Under the proviso to Section 303(2) BNS dealing with subsequent conviction, A is punishable with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than:
aTwo years
bThree years
cOne year
dSix months
Answer: C
Section 303(2) BNS provides that on a second or subsequent conviction for theft, the offender shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment of not less than one year but which may extend to five years, and with fine.
The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 introduces 'snatching' as a distinct offence. Under Section 304(2) BNS, snatching is punishable with imprisonment which may extend to:
aThree years
bTwo years
cOne year
dFive years
Answer: A
Section 304 BNS defines snatching as theft committed by suddenly, quickly or forcibly seizing or grabbing movable property, punishable with imprisonment up to three years and fine.
A threatens B anonymously, concealing his own name, that he will cause grievous hurt to B. Apart from the punishment for criminal intimidation, the additional imprisonment that may be imposed under Section 351(4) BNS for concealing identity may extend to:
aThree years
bTwo years
cSeven years
dOne year
Answer: B
Section 351(4) BNS provides that where the criminal intimidation is by anonymous communication or by concealing the name or abode, the offender is liable to additional imprisonment which may extend to two years.
Under Exception 1 to Section 101 BNS, culpable homicide is not murder if the offender causes death whilst deprived of the power of self-control by:
aVoluntary intoxication
bA provocation given by anything done in obedience to law
cGrave and sudden provocation
dMere words or gestures however provocative
Answer: C
Exception 1 to Section 101 BNS reduces murder to culpable homicide not amounting to murder where death is caused on grave and sudden provocation; provocation by lawful acts or self-induced provocation is excluded.
A, a soldier, fires on a mob by the order of his superior officer, in conformity with the commands of the law. Under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, A's act is protected by which general exception?
aSection 19 - act of a person of unsound mind
bSection 18 - act of a child above seven and under twelve
cSection 14 - act of a person bound by law
dSection 35 - right of private defence
Answer: C
Section 14 BNS exempts an act done by a person who is, or who by reason of a mistake of fact in good faith believes himself to be, bound by law; the soldier firing in conformity with lawful commands is the standard illustration.
A, by quickly and suddenly seizing a mobile phone from the hand of Z and running away, commits which offence under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023?
aRobbery under Section 309
bSnatching under Section 304
cExtortion under Section 308
dTheft under Section 303
Answer: B
Section 304 BNS introduces 'snatching' as a distinct offence, where theft is committed by suddenly, quickly or forcibly seizing or grabbing movable property from a person or his possession.
Where a woman dies due to burns or bodily injury within seven years of marriage and it is shown she was subjected to cruelty in connection with a demand for dowry, the offence of dowry death falls under which section of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023?
aSection 85
bSection 80
cSection 304B
dSection 86
Answer: B
Section 80 BNS deals with dowry death, punishable with imprisonment for not less than seven years which may extend to imprisonment for life.
Under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, the offence committed when a husband or a relative of the husband of a woman subjects her to cruelty is dealt with under:
aSection 84
bSection 498A
cSection 85
dSection 80
Answer: C
Section 85 BNS penalises cruelty by the husband or his relatives (corresponding to the erstwhile Section 498A IPC), with imprisonment up to three years and fine.
The offence of 'organised crime', newly introduced into the general penal law, is contained in which section of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023?
aSection 113
bSection 111
cSection 152
dSection 109
Answer: B
Section 111 BNS for the first time codifies 'organised crime' (such as kidnapping, extortion and cyber-crime committed on behalf of a crime syndicate) in the general penal law.
Under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, a 'terrorist act' is dealt with under:
aSection 152
bSection 111
cSection 124A
dSection 113
Answer: D
Section 113 BNS defines and punishes a 'terrorist act', framed on the lines of the UAPA, covering acts threatening the unity, integrity, sovereignty, security or economic security of India.
Fill in the blank with the correct preposition: He has been living in this city ____ 2015.
afor
bsince
cby
dfrom
Answer: B
With a point of time in the past linked to a present-perfect continuous action, 'since' is used. 'For' is used with a duration, not a starting point.
Q13English / Aptitude
A is the brother of B. C is the mother of B. D is the father of C. How is A related to D?
aGrandson
bNephew
cFather
dSon
Answer: A
C is B's mother and A is B's brother, so C is also A's mother. D is the father of C, hence D is the maternal grandfather of A, making A the grandson of D.
Q14English / Aptitude
Choose the option that best fills the blank to form a grammatically correct sentence: Neither the judge nor the lawyers ____ ready for the hearing.
awere
bhas been
cwas
dis
Answer: A
In 'neither...nor' constructions the verb agrees with the nearer subject. The nearer subject 'lawyers' is plural, so 'were' is correct.
Q15English / Aptitude
Find the odd one out: 121, 144, 169, 196, 225, 250
a225
b196
c250
d169
Answer: C
All other numbers are perfect squares (11^2, 12^2, 13^2, 14^2, 15^2). 250 is not a perfect square.
Q16English / Aptitude
A train running at 72 km/hr crosses a pole in 12 seconds. What is the length of the train?
a200 metres
b240 metres
c144 metres
d180 metres
Answer: B
72 km/hr = 72 x 5/18 = 20 m/s. Length = speed x time = 20 x 12 = 240 metres.
Q17English / Aptitude
Choose the correct one-word substitution for: 'A government by the rich'.
aAristocracy
bAutocracy
cTheocracy
dPlutocracy
Answer: D
'Plutocracy' is rule or government by the wealthy. Aristocracy is rule by a privileged class, autocracy by one person, and theocracy by religious authority.
Q18English / Aptitude
The average of five consecutive even numbers is 36. What is the largest of these numbers?
a42
b44
c40
d38
Answer: C
For consecutive numbers the average equals the middle term, so the middle number is 36. The five numbers are 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, and the largest is 40.
Q19English / Aptitude
Fill in the blank with the most appropriate word: The new evidence was so ____ that the court had no option but to convict the accused.
aconclusive
bambiguous
ctrivial
dtenuous
Answer: A
Evidence that compels a conviction must be decisive and beyond doubt, i.e. 'conclusive'. The other options suggest weak, unclear or unimportant evidence, which would not force a conviction.
Q20English / Aptitude
Choose the word which is the ANTONYM of: PLACID
aComposed
bSerene
cTranquil
dTurbulent
Answer: D
Placid means calm or peaceful; its opposite is turbulent. Tranquil, serene and composed are synonyms of placid.
Q21English / Aptitude
Complete the given series: 3, 6, 11, 18, 27, 38, ______
a51
b53
c50
d49
Answer: A
The differences increase by 2 each time (3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13), so the next term is 38 + 13 = 51.
Q22English / Aptitude
In a certain code language, 'TABLE' is written as 'UBCMF'. How will 'CHAIR' be written in that code language?
aDJBJS
bDIBJS
cDIBKS
dDIAJS
Answer: B
Each letter is shifted one place forward in the alphabet (T to U, A to B, etc.). Applying the same shift to CHAIR gives DIBJS.
Q23General Knowledge / Current Affairs
Give the appropriate meaning of the underlined idiom: After hours of argument, the committee finally decided to 'bury the hatchet'.
aTo start a new dispute
bTo postpone a decision
cTo hide the evidence
dTo make peace and end the quarrel
Answer: D
The idiom 'to bury the hatchet' means to settle a dispute and make peace.
Who was sworn in as the 53rd Chief Justice of India in November 2025?
aJustice Sanjiv Khanna
bJustice B. R. Gavai
cJustice Surya Kant
dJustice D. Y. Chandrachud
Answer: C
Justice Surya Kant took oath as the 53rd Chief Justice of India on 24 November 2025, succeeding Justice B. R. Gavai who demitted office on 23 November 2025.
The Statue of Unity, the world's tallest statue, is dedicated to which national leader and is located in which district of Gujarat?
aMahatma Gandhi; Ahmedabad district
bSardar Vallabhbhai Patel; Kutch district
cJawaharlal Nehru; Surat district
dSardar Vallabhbhai Patel; Narmada district
Answer: D
The 182-metre Statue of Unity, dedicated to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, stands near Kevadia in the Narmada district of Gujarat and was inaugurated on 31 October 2018.
Which country won the 2025 ICC Champions Trophy by defeating New Zealand in the final at Dubai?
aAustralia
bPakistan
cIndia
dEngland
Answer: C
India defeated New Zealand by 4 wickets in the final on 9 March 2025 at the Dubai International Cricket Stadium to win a record third Champions Trophy title.
At the 2024 Paris Olympics, Neeraj Chopra won a silver medal in which athletics event?
aJavelin throw
bDiscus throw
cShot put
dLong jump
Answer: A
Neeraj Chopra won silver in the men's javelin throw at Paris 2024 with a throw of 89.45 m, becoming a two-time Olympic medallist after his Tokyo 2020 gold.
GIFT City, India's first operational International Financial Services Centre, is located in which state?
aTelangana
bKarnataka
cMaharashtra
dGujarat
Answer: D
Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT City) is situated near Gandhinagar in Gujarat and houses India's first International Financial Services Centre.
The general power of the High Court and the District Court to transfer and withdraw suits, appeals or other proceedings is provided under which section of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908?
aSection 24
bSection 22
cSection 23
dSection 25
Answer: A
Section 24 CPC empowers the High Court or District Court, suo motu or on application, to transfer or withdraw any suit, appeal or proceeding to a competent subordinate court or to itself. Section 25 deals only with transfer by the Supreme Court.
Settlement of disputes outside the Court through arbitration, conciliation, judicial settlement including settlement through Lok Adalat, or mediation is provided under which section of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908?
aSection 80
bSection 96
cSection 89
dSection 94
Answer: C
Section 89 CPC empowers the Court, where it appears there exist elements of a settlement, to refer the dispute to arbitration, conciliation, judicial settlement (including Lok Adalat) or mediation.
Under Section 100A of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, where an appeal from an original or appellate decree or order has been heard and decided by a single Judge of a High Court:
aNo further appeal shall lie from the judgment and decree of such single Judge
bA further appeal lies directly to the Supreme Court as of right
cA further appeal lies only with the certificate of fitness granted by the single Judge
dA Letters Patent Appeal lies to a Division Bench of the same High Court
Answer: A
Section 100A CPC, with its non-obstante clause, overrides Letters Patent and bars any further intra-court appeal from the judgment and decree of a single Judge deciding an appeal.
Under Section 96(4) of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, no appeal shall lie, except on a question of law, from a decree in any suit of the nature cognizable by Courts of Small Causes when the amount or value of the subject-matter does not exceed:
aFive thousand rupees
bTen thousand rupees
cTwenty thousand rupees
dThree thousand rupees
Answer: B
Section 96(4) CPC bars an appeal, except on a question of law, in Small Cause nature suits where the value of the subject-matter does not exceed ten thousand rupees.
A second appeal to the High Court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 lies only where the case involves:
aA substantial question of law
bAny question of law or fact
cA question of fact erroneously decided
dA mixed question of law and fact only
Answer: A
Section 100 CPC, as amended in 1976, permits a second appeal to the High Court only where the case involves a substantial question of law, which must be formulated by the Court.
The revisional jurisdiction of the High Court over subordinate courts which have exercised jurisdiction not vested in them, or failed to exercise jurisdiction so vested, or acted illegally or with material irregularity, is contained in which section of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908?
aSection 115
bSection 113
cSection 114
dSection 151
Answer: A
Section 115 CPC confers revisional power on the High Court over jurisdictional errors of subordinate courts; Section 113 deals with reference and Section 114 with review.
No suit shall be defeated by reason of the misjoinder or non-joinder of parties, and the Court may at any stage add or strike out parties. This provision is found in:
aOrder VI, Rule 17
bOrder VII, Rule 11
cOrder II, Rule 3
dOrder I, Rule 9 read with Order I, Rule 10
Answer: D
Order I, Rule 9 CPC provides that a suit shall not be defeated by misjoinder or non-joinder of parties (save non-joinder of a necessary party), and Order I, Rule 10 empowers the Court to add or strike out parties at any stage.
Under Order XXI of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, an application for execution of a decree dealt with arrest and detention of the judgment-debtor, and other modes, is initiated. The Order which exclusively deals with 'Execution of Decrees and Orders' is:
aOrder XXIII
bOrder XXI
cOrder XX
dOrder XXII
Answer: B
Order XXI CPC is the longest order in the Code and exclusively governs execution of decrees and orders, including modes such as arrest and detention, attachment and sale of property.
Before instituting a suit against the Government or a public officer in respect of an act purporting to be done in his official capacity, a notice is mandatorily required under which section of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908?
aSection 80
bSection 79
cSection 91
dSection 82
Answer: A
Section 80 CPC requires a two-month prior notice before instituting a suit against the Government or a public officer in respect of an official act; Section 79 deals with the title in which such suits are brought.
Explanation VIII to Section 11 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 provides that an issue heard and finally decided by a Court of limited jurisdiction, competent to decide such issue, shall operate as res judicata in a subsequent suit:
aOnly in respect of suits relating to immovable property
bNotwithstanding that such Court of limited jurisdiction was not competent to try the subsequent suit
cOnly where the subsequent suit is filed in the same Court
dOnly if that Court was also competent to try the subsequent suit
Answer: B
Explanation VIII to Section 11 CPC makes a decision of a Court of limited jurisdiction binding as res judicata even though that Court was not competent to try the subsequent suit, provided it was competent to decide the issue.
A sum of money becomes Rs. 13,500 in 2 years and Rs. 15,750 in 3 years 6 months at simple interest. What is the principal?
aRs. 10,000
bRs. 11,250
cRs. 9,000
dRs. 10,500
Answer: D
Interest for 1.5 years = 15,750 - 13,500 = Rs. 2,250, so interest per year = Rs. 1,500. Interest for 2 years = Rs. 3,000, hence principal = 13,500 - 3,000 = Rs. 10,500.
Q45Reasoning / Mathematics
If in a certain code 'COURT' is written as 'DPVSU', how is 'JUDGE' written in that code?
aKVEHF
bKWEHF
cIVCHD
dKVEHE
Answer: A
Each letter is shifted forward by one position: J->K, U->V, D->E, G->H, E->F, giving KVEHF.
Q46Reasoning / Mathematics
The average age of 30 students in a class is 14 years. When the teacher's age is included, the average increases by 1 year. What is the teacher's age?
a46 years
b44 years
c43 years
d45 years
Answer: D
New average = 15 for 31 persons, total = 465; students' total = 30*14 = 420, so teacher's age = 465 - 420 = 45 years.
Q47Reasoning / Mathematics
A train 180 metres long crosses a platform 270 metres long in 30 seconds. What is the speed of the train?
a60 km/h
b48 km/h
c54 km/h
d45 km/h
Answer: C
Total distance = 180 + 270 = 450 m in 30 s = 15 m/s = 15 * 18/5 = 54 km/h.
Q48Reasoning / Mathematics
If A : B = 3 : 4 and B : C = 6 : 5, then A : B : C is:
a9 : 10 : 12
b3 : 4 : 5
c18 : 24 : 20
d9 : 12 : 10
Answer: D
Make B common: A:B = 9:12 and B:C = 12:10, so A:B:C = 9:12:10.
Q49Reasoning / Mathematics
Find the odd one out: 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 100
a9
bAll are perfect squares; none is odd out
c100
d36
Answer: B
Every listed number (4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 100) is a perfect square of 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10 respectively, so none breaks the pattern.
Q50Reasoning / Mathematics
Two pipes A and B can fill a tank in 12 minutes and 18 minutes respectively. If both pipes are opened together, in how much time will the tank be full?
a7.2 minutes
b6 minutes
c8 minutes
d7.5 minutes
Answer: A
Combined rate = 1/12 + 1/18 = (3+2)/36 = 5/36 per minute, so time = 36/5 = 7.2 minutes.
Q51Reasoning / Mathematics
In a row of 40 children, Ramesh is 11th from the left and Suresh is 14th from the right. How many children are there between them?
a14
b16
c15
d17
Answer: C
Suresh's position from the left = 40 - 14 + 1 = 27th. Children between positions 11 and 27 = 27 - 11 - 1 = 15.
Q52Reasoning / Mathematics
A shopkeeper marks an article 40% above the cost price and allows a discount of 25%. What is his profit percentage?
a10%
b5%
c15%
d12%
Answer: B
Let CP = 100, MP = 140, SP after 25% discount = 140 * 0.75 = 105, so profit = 5%.
Q53Computer Awareness
An e-mail address always contains which of the following symbols ?
a@ (at the rate)
b# (hash)
c& (ampersand)
dNone of these
Answer: A
Every e-mail address contains the @ symbol, which separates the user name from the domain name, for example user@example.com.
The number system used internally by digital computers, which uses only the digits 0 and 1, is the :
aDecimal system
bBinary system
cOctal system
dNone of these
Answer: B
Digital computers operate on the binary number system, which uses only two digits, 0 and 1, corresponding to the off and on states of electronic circuits.
An IPv4 address consists of four numbers separated by dots, each ranging from 0 to 255; 192.168.1.1 is valid, while 256.300.1.1 exceeds 255 and 192.168.1 has only three parts.
Under Section 187 of the BNSS, 2023, the maximum period for which detention otherwise than in police custody may extend, for an offence punishable with death, imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for ten years or more, is:
aNinety days
bOne hundred and eighty days
cSixty days
dSeventy-five days
Answer: A
Under Section 187(3) BNSS the Magistrate may authorise detention beyond fifteen days up to ninety days for offences punishable with death, life imprisonment or imprisonment of not less than ten years, failing the filing of a report, after which the accused is entitled to default bail.
A novel feature of the BNSS, 2023 is that the fifteen days of police custody of an accused need not be taken at a stretch but may be sought in parts during the initial portion of detention. The provision dealing with custody and detention of an accused during investigation is:
aSection 193
bSection 187
cSection 190
dSection 167
Answer: B
Section 187 BNSS (replacing Section 167 CrPC) governs the procedure when investigation cannot be completed in twenty-four hours, and permits the fifteen days of police custody to be availed within the first 40 or 60 days of the total period.
Under the BNSS, 2023 the entire process of search and seizure, including the preparation of the list of seized articles and the signing of the list by witnesses, shall, where the police officer is capable of doing so, be recorded through audio-video electronic means. This mandate is contained in:
aSection 100
bSection 103
cSection 105
dSection 185
Answer: C
Section 105 BNSS requires search and seizure, including preparation of the seizure list and signing by witnesses, to be recorded by audio-video electronic means (preferably a mobile phone) and forwarded without delay to the Magistrate.
Under Section 230 of the BNSS, 2023, in a case instituted on a police report, the Magistrate shall furnish to the accused, and to the victim if represented by an advocate, copies of the police report, FIR, statements and other documents within:
aSeven days from the production or appearance of the accused
bSixty days from the production or appearance of the accused
cFourteen days from the production or appearance of the accused
dThirty days from the production or appearance of the accused
Answer: C
Section 230 BNSS fixes an outer limit of fourteen days from the date of production or appearance of the accused for supply of the police report and connected documents to the accused and the represented victim.
Order for maintenance of wives, children and parents, formerly contained in Section 125 of the CrPC, is now found in the BNSS, 2023 under:
aSection 150
bSection 144
cSection 146
dSection 125
Answer: B
Section 144 BNSS re-enacts the old Section 125 CrPC dealing with the order for maintenance of wives, children and parents, to be made by a Magistrate of the first class.
Under the BNSS, 2023, the Court of a Chief Judicial Magistrate may pass any sentence authorised by law except a sentence of death, imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for a term exceeding:
aFive years
bThree years
cSeven years
dTen years
Answer: C
Under Section 23(1) BNSS the Court of a Chief Judicial Magistrate may pass any sentence except death, life imprisonment, or imprisonment exceeding seven years.
A significant innovation of the BNSS, 2023 is the provision for inquiry, trial or judgment in absentia of a proclaimed offender who has absconded and there is no immediate prospect of arresting him. This is provided in:
aSection 365
bSection 356
cSection 339
dSection 299
Answer: B
Section 356 BNSS, a new provision, permits trial and judgment in absentia of a proclaimed offender who has absconded to evade trial, subject to procedural safeguards such as issuing two consecutive warrants thirty days apart.
Under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, oral evidence must in all cases whatever be direct. This rule is contained in:
aSection 55
bSection 59
cSection 54
dSection 60
Answer: A
Section 55 of the BSA (formerly Section 60 of the Indian Evidence Act) requires that oral evidence must in every case be direct, while Section 54 provides that facts other than contents of documents may be proved by oral evidence.
Under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, primary evidence means the document itself produced for the inspection of the Court. The definition of primary evidence is found in:
aSection 58
bSection 56
cSection 57
dSection 62
Answer: C
Primary evidence, earlier Section 62 of the Indian Evidence Act, is defined in Section 57 of the BSA; Section 58 deals with secondary evidence.
Certified copies, copies made from the original by mechanical processes, and oral accounts of the contents of a document given by a person who has himself seen it, are all included within the meaning of secondary evidence under which section of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023?
aSection 57
bSection 58
cSection 63
dSection 65
Answer: B
Secondary evidence, earlier Section 63 of the Indian Evidence Act, is enumerated in Section 58 of the BSA.
When the question is whether a person has committed the dowry death of a woman, and it is shown that soon before her death she had been subjected by such person to cruelty or harassment in connection with any demand for dowry, the Court shall presume that such person caused the dowry death. This presumption is contained in:
aSection 116 of the BSA
bSection 113B of the BSA
cSection 120 of the BSA
dSection 118 of the BSA
Answer: D
Presumption as to dowry death, formerly Section 113B of the Indian Evidence Act, is now Section 118 of the BSA; the death must occur within seven years of marriage.
Under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, the illustration that an accomplice is unworthy of credit unless he is corroborated in material particulars is appended to which section dealing with the Court's power to presume the existence of certain facts?
aSection 116
bSection 119
cSection 133
dSection 114
Answer: B
Section 119 of the BSA (the 'Court may presume' provision, formerly Section 114 of the Indian Evidence Act) carries the illustration that an accomplice is unworthy of credit unless corroborated in material particulars.
The principle of estoppel, under which a person who by his declaration, act or omission has caused another to believe a thing to be true and to act upon that belief shall not be allowed to deny its truth, is embodied in which section of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023?
aSection 123
bSection 118
cSection 115
dSection 121
Answer: D
Estoppel, formerly Section 115 of the Indian Evidence Act, is now Section 121 of the BSA.
Under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, the competency of a witness to testify, namely that all persons are competent unless prevented from understanding the questions or giving rational answers by tender years, extreme old age, disease or the like, is dealt with in:
aSection 124
bSection 132
cSection 118
dSection 126
Answer: A
Competency of witnesses (who may testify), earlier Section 118 of the Indian Evidence Act, is now Section 124 of the BSA.
Under the Bombay Money Lenders Act, 1946 as applicable in Gujarat, the prohibition that no money-lender shall carry on the business of money-lending without obtaining a licence is contained in:
aSection 10
bSection 18
cSection 5
dSection 25
Answer: C
Section 5 is the principal operative provision: no money-lender may carry on the business of money-lending without a licence; the penalty for unlicensed money-lending is in Section 18/10 of the Act.
Under the Gujarat Land Revenue Code, 1879, when the village accountant (Talati) enters an acquisition or transfer of right in the register of mutations, notice must be given to interested persons and objections invited. This register of mutations is maintained under:
aSection 135D
bSection 96
cSection 65
dSection 117
Answer: A
Section 135D of the Gujarat Land Revenue Code, 1879 governs the register of mutations: the Talati enters reports under s.135C, gives notice to interested parties and the Mamlatdar disposes of objections.
Under the Gujarat Agricultural Lands Ceiling Act, 1960, an appeal against the award of the Collector determining surplus land lies to the:
aBoard of Revenue
bDistrict Court
cHigh Court of Gujarat
dGujarat Revenue Tribunal
Answer: D
Under the Gujarat Agricultural Lands Ceiling Act, 1960 the Collector's award on surplus land is appealable to the Gujarat Revenue Tribunal, whose decision is final and conclusive and not questionable in any civil suit.
Under the Gujarat Stamp Act, 1958, the duty cast on every person having authority to receive evidence, or in charge of a public office, to impound an instrument produced before him which is not duly stamped, flows from:
aSection 53
bSection 33
cSection 47
dSection 31
Answer: B
Section 33 of the Gujarat Stamp Act, 1958 mandates impounding of an instrument that appears not to be duly stamped when produced before a person having authority to receive evidence or in charge of a public office.
Under the Gujarat Stamp Act, 1958, the provision under which a person may, on payment of the prescribed fee, bring an instrument to the Collector for his opinion as to the duty (if any) with which it is chargeable is:
aSection 33 (impounding)
bSection 39 (refund)
cSection 9 (power to reduce/remit duty)
dSection 31 (adjudication as to proper stamp)
Answer: D
Section 31 of the Gujarat Stamp Act, 1958 provides for adjudication of the proper stamp by the Collector on an instrument brought to him with the prescribed fee within the stipulated period.
Under the Gujarat Control of Terrorism and Organised Crime Act, 2019, a confession made before a police officer is admissible in trial, notwithstanding the Evidence Act, only if recorded by an officer not below the rank of:
aInspector of Police
bDeputy Superintendent of Police
cInspector-General of Police
dSuperintendent of Police
Answer: D
Section 16 of the GCTOC Act, 2019 makes a confession recorded by a police officer not below the rank of Superintendent of Police admissible, subject to the safeguards prescribed in that section.
Under the Gujarat Control of Terrorism and Organised Crime Act, 2019, where investigation cannot be completed within ninety days, the Special Court may, on a report of the Public Prosecutor, extend the period of detention pending completion of investigation up to a maximum of:
aone hundred and fifty days
bthree hundred and sixty-five days
cone hundred and twenty days
done hundred and eighty days
Answer: D
The GCTOC Act, 2019 modifies the default-bail period: the Special Court may extend the ninety-day investigation period up to one hundred and eighty days on the Public Prosecutor's report showing progress and specific reasons.
Under the Indian Contract Act, 1872, which of the following provisions defines an "agreement" as a promise or every set of promises forming the consideration for each other?
aSection 2(e)
bSection 2(h)
cSection 2(d)
dSection 2(g)
Answer: A
Section 2(e) defines an agreement as every promise and every set of promises forming the consideration for each other; Section 2(h) defines a contract as an agreement enforceable by law.
A agrees to sell his house to B without any consideration, but the agreement is in writing, registered, and made on account of natural love and affection, A and B being brothers. The agreement is:
aValid as a recognised exception under Section 25(1)
bVoidable at the option of A
cValid only if B furnishes fresh consideration
dVoid for want of consideration
Answer: A
Section 25(1) makes an agreement without consideration valid where it is in writing, registered, and made on account of natural love and affection between parties standing in near relation to each other.
Which section of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, declares that an agreement to do an act impossible in itself is void?
aSection 55
bSection 54
cSection 56
dSection 57
Answer: C
Section 56, first paragraph, provides that an agreement to do an act impossible in itself is void; the section also embodies the doctrine of subsequent or supervening impossibility (frustration).
Compensation for loss or damage caused by breach of contract, confined to such loss as naturally arose in the usual course of things or as the parties knew was likely to result, is provided for under:
aSection 75
bSection 70
cSection 74
dSection 73
Answer: D
Section 73 governs unliquidated damages for breach and excludes remote and indirect loss; Section 74 deals with a sum named in the contract or a stipulated penalty.
Where a sum is named in the contract as the amount to be paid in case of breach, Section 74 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, entitles the aggrieved party to receive:
aOnly the actual loss proved, and never the named sum
bThe whole sum named, irrespective of actual loss
cDouble the amount named as penalty
dReasonable compensation not exceeding the amount so named, whether or not actual damage is proved
Answer: D
Section 74 entitles the aggrieved party to reasonable compensation not exceeding the amount named or the penalty stipulated, regardless of whether actual loss is proved.
The power of a High Court to issue directions, orders or writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights and for any other purpose is conferred by:
aArticle 32
bArticle 227
cArticle 136
dArticle 226
Answer: D
Article 226 empowers every High Court to issue writs not only for enforcement of fundamental rights but also for 'any other purpose', a power wider than that of the Supreme Court under Article 32.
The eleventh Fundamental Duty under Article 51A(k), requiring a parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the ages of six and fourteen years, was added by:
aThe 42nd Amendment Act, 1976
bThe 44th Amendment Act, 1978
cThe 93rd Amendment Act, 2005
dThe 86th Amendment Act, 2002
Answer: D
The 86th Amendment Act, 2002 inserted clause (k) in Article 51A, raising the number of Fundamental Duties from ten to eleven, alongside the insertion of Article 21A.
Part IX of the Constitution dealing with 'The Panchayats' (Articles 243 to 243-O) and the Eleventh Schedule were added by:
aThe 61st Amendment Act, 1989
bThe 74th Amendment Act, 1992
cThe 73rd Amendment Act, 1992
dThe 65th Amendment Act, 1990
Answer: C
The 73rd Amendment Act, 1992 inserted Part IX (Articles 243 to 243-O) and the Eleventh Schedule, giving constitutional status to Panchayati Raj institutions.
Under Section 5 of the Limitation Act, 1963, the power to condone delay on "sufficient cause" is available in respect of:
aEvery proceeding before a civil court without exception
bAny appeal or any application, other than an application under any of the provisions of Order XXI of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
cSuits and applications, but not appeals
dAny suit, appeal or application instituted after the prescribed period
Answer: B
Section 5 permits condonation of delay only for appeals and applications (excluding Order XXI CPC applications); it does not apply to suits, which remain governed by the absolute bar in Section 3.
Which of the following correctly states the effect of Section 3 of the Limitation Act, 1963?
aA suit filed after the prescribed period is dismissed only if limitation is pleaded as a defence
bA suit, appeal or application made after the prescribed period shall be dismissed although limitation has not been set up as a defence
cThe court has discretion to entertain a time-barred suit on equitable grounds
dThe bar of limitation applies only to suits and not to appeals or applications
Answer: B
Section 3 makes the bar of limitation mandatory: a time-barred suit, appeal or application must be dismissed even if the opposite party does not raise limitation as a defence.
Section 4 of the Limitation Act, 1963 provides that where the prescribed period for any suit, appeal or application expires on a day when the court is closed, the proceeding may be instituted, preferred or made:
aOn any day within the same calendar month
bWithin thirty days from the expiry of the prescribed period
cOnly with the prior leave of the court
dOn the day on which the court reopens
Answer: D
Under Section 4, if the limitation period ends on a day the court is closed, the suit, appeal or application may be filed on the day the court reopens.
Under Section 143A of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, the interim compensation that a court may direct the drawer to pay during the pendency of proceedings shall NOT exceed:
aTen per cent of the amount of the cheque
bThe entire amount of the cheque
cTwenty per cent of the amount of the cheque
dFifty per cent of the amount of the cheque
Answer: C
Section 143A(2) provides that the interim compensation directed to be paid shall not exceed twenty per cent of the amount of the cheque.
Under Section 4 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, a promissory note is an instrument containing:
aAn unconditional undertaking in writing, signed by the maker, to pay a certain sum of money only to, or to the order of, a certain person, or to the bearer of the instrument
bAn order addressed to a banker to pay a sum on demand
cAn unconditional undertaking in writing, signed by the maker, to pay a certain sum of money only to a certain person
dA conditional order in writing to pay money on the happening of a contingency
Answer: A
Section 4 defines a promissory note as an instrument in writing (not being a bank or currency note) containing an unconditional undertaking, signed by the maker, to pay a certain sum of money only to, or to the order of, a certain person, or to the bearer of the instrument.
Which of the following is NOT one of the essential conditions for a transferee to claim protection under the doctrine of part performance contained in Section 53A of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882?
aThe contract relating to the transfer is duly registered
bThe transferee has performed or is willing to perform his part of the contract
cThe transferee has taken possession or continues in possession in part performance of the contract
dThere is a contract in writing signed by or on behalf of the transferor
Answer: A
Section 53A requires a written contract signed by the transferor, possession taken in part performance, an act in furtherance, and willingness to perform; it does not require the contract to be registered. Registration is not among its conditions.
After the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005, under Section 6 of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956, the daughter of a coparcener in a Mitakshara joint Hindu family:
ahas no right in the coparcenary property during the father's lifetime
bis entitled only to maintenance out of the coparcenary property
cbecomes a coparcener by birth in her own right in the same manner as the son
dbecomes a coparcener only if she is unmarried on the date of the amendment
Answer: C
The substituted Section 6 of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 (w.e.f. 9-9-2005) makes the daughter of a coparcener a coparcener by birth in her own right in the same manner as the son, with the same rights and liabilities in the coparcenary property.
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